Legalize it - 2016 Words

In this paper I intend to show that the motives for the criminalization of marijuana was not for the public good, but were inspired by bigotry and fear, and potentially for political and monetary gains. This paper will also show that contemporary arguments for the continued criminalization of marijuana are based on skewed studies rather than factual information and that regulation, taxation and responsible use are the solutions to satisfying the demands of both sides of the issue. Finally, this paper will examine the constitutionality of marijuana criminalization and whether it should be decriminalized on this point alone. The use of marijuana (cannabis sativa) and its industrial component, hemp is not a modern phenomenon; in fact its use†¦show more content†¦One can draw parallels between the prohibition of alcohol and the criminalization of marijuana to see the logic behind this premise. Prohibition was championed by groups such as the Anti-Saloon League who felt that alcohol was a blight on society and spoke out against its ‘evil’ effects. Prohibition was intended to curtail crime, yet crime increased in association with the manufacture, transport and sale of illegal alcohol and led to the birth of organized crime syndicates here in America. Prohibition did not thwart the public’s use of alcohol; it only managed to drive its consumers underground. These scenarios are all similar to what we see today in connection with the criminalization of marijuana. Apart from the psychotropic aspects of marijuana, there is no dispute that it has industrial uses. Hemp was being used in the manufacturing of rope well into the 20th century. A point could be made that there were political and financial benefits to banning the cultivation of hemp in order to create a demand for nylon, a new synthetic material that was being developed by DuPont, a company owned by the affluent du Pont family. Currying favor with a family such as this obviously could reap certain rewards politically and monetarily and this fact could have been yet another motivation to criminalizeShow MoreRelatedLegalize It1104 Words   |  5 PagesLegalize It In 2000, George Bierson’s â€Å"Marijuana, the Deceptive Drug†, was published by the Massachusetts News. Bierson concludes that marijuana is harmful in many ways, including brain damage, damage to the reproductive system, and weakening of the immune system. He also attempts to convince the reader that marijuana is a â€Å"gateway drug† that leads users to venture into much harder drugs. I believe that research to support anything can be found if one is looking hard enough, but that the fallacyRead More To Legalize, or Not to Legalize Gay Marriage Essay1971 Words   |  8 Pagesnegative. The same study cited by opposition also states that the economy of New York would stand to gain $210 million in the next three years if gay marriage was legalized (Peters). When New York did legalize gay marriage the economy did improve, and more money was gained. If all of America legalizes gay marriage this would cause a huge marriage boom. With this marriage boom, massive amo unts of money would pour into the economy. Countered with all the negative expenses of legalizing gay marriage,Read MoreIt Is Time to Legalize Marijana1700 Words   |  7 PagesLegalize It! Growing up, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drugRead MoreLegalize Marijuana1495 Words   |  6 Pagesevidence that the legalization of marijuana will yield certain health and environmental benefits to American society. From a strictly economic perspective, a bill being considered by the Legislature of the State of California, which would legalize marijuana in that State, is expected to result in a $1 billion per year increase in tax revenue that would greatly aid California’s troubled economy. Nationwide, marijuana legalization could potentially generate annual tax revenues of $2.4 billionRead MoreLegalize Marijuana Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesreducing excess consumption of the drug. This is because most young people who indulge in excessive use of the drug do so as an experiment to get the good feeling of being on the other side of the law. To prevent this, it would be appropriate to legalize the use of the drug without restrictions. This would result in the moderate use if not the total abandonment of the drug when not necessary. There are numbers of instances when the drug use is fully permitted and protected by the law such as inRead MoreLegalize It Already1663 Words   |  7 PagesLife has its daily complications and we often need an escape. Some of us find relief in a nice glass of red wine and a piece of double chocolate cake. Others may find their arrival in paradise on the rim of an ice cold beer. An abundant amount of us turn to more common fixes like cigarettes or food. Then there are the ones that can’t find pleasure in common fixes, they’d rather turn to drugs for peace. Drugs like Marijuana (Cannabis) are often frowned upon because of its effect on the brain and hasRead MoreLegalize Marijuana808 Words   |  4 PagesIf Marijuana Were To Be Legal Drugs are a major influential force in our country today. The problem has gotten so out of hand that many options are being considered to control it or even solve it. Ending the drug war seems to be a bit impossible. The war on drugs seems to be accomplishing a lot but this is not true. Different options need to be considered. Legalization is an option that hasnt gotten a chance but should be given one. Although many people feel that legalizing marijuana would increaseRead MoreLegalize Steroids in Sports799 Words   |  4 PagesLegalize Steroids In Sports Ben Johnson was one of the first superstar athletes to be caught using steroids and was stripped of his 100m gold medal at the 1988 Olympics. He was eventually banned for life in 1993 for testing positive again (Richardson 2010). Performance enhancing drugs have become widely used since the 1970’s and have only increased in the numbers of athletes using the drugs to up their endurance and perform to their greatest potential. Professionals such as Barry Bonds, JoseRead MoreIs It Time For Legalize Prostitution?1429 Words   |  6 PagesMckenzi Baker Individual and Society II Dr. Hawkins Policy Paper Is it Time to Legalize Prostitution? Research says†¦ One policy issue at the forefront of many discussions is the decision of whether to make prostitution legal. This issue was sparked by a draft from Amnesty International in 2015 proposing to decriminalize â€Å"all aspects of sex work†. There is a myriad of things to evaluate in this argument, including motives, ethics, economy and the list goes on. People prioritize those things differentlyRead MoreEssay about Legalize It!828 Words   |  4 Pages Legalize It! nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many feel today we are loosing the war on drugs. When a battle goes to the point where there is no winner there needs to be a re-evaluation of how to solve the problem. In the case of the war against drugs, years of fighting have caused increased crime, overcrowding of prisons and the wasted use of money and resources with no results. It is now time to look at alternative methods to solving the nations drug problem. I will be looking at one of these

Food Free Essays

doc. literature Formal Report on Filipino Literary Text The White Horse of Alih By: Emigdio â€Å"Mig†Alvarez Enriquez 3D-Pharmacy Group 3 De Pedro, John Christopher Q. Elazegui, Patricia Denise C. We will write a custom essay sample on Food or any similar topic only for you Order Now Espano, Divine M. Fajardo, Jerome M. Garcia, Jose Eduardo C. A. The Issue inside the story †¢ Psychological effect of man’s alienation from the society he is at †¢ Racial Discrimination †¢ Traditions in religion †¢ Psychological impact of an individual’s experiences †¢ Quarrel between religions †¢ Discrimination based on religion B. ELEMENTS OF STORY †¢ Setting The story happened on July 4th in a city with a parade of people. †¢ Characters ? Alih- a Moro who plans for killing the people celebrating the Filipino- American Friendship Day ? Omar- the older brother of Alih who dictates him on what to do in every aspects of his life ? Imam- the village priest who tried to dissuade the two brothers, he explain to them that the prophets did not teach to do it ? Lucy – girl who lived in the reservation area where the Americans live -she is the first girl Alih liked Fermina – a beautiful bar maid with a mole near her mouth – Alih likes her so much but the woman doesn’t like him because of his impertinent manner towards her. †¢ Plot ? Conflict- Alih did not want to kill but the fear he had for his brother while he was growing urged him to the killings and also because his brother taught him that killing will be their way to wash away their shame and gain respect for their father had died by the American soldiers without any reason. Complication- when they decided to become merchants there were rebels who stole their commodities ? Rising Action – He saw a float with a girl whom he thought of as Fermina. He went near the float and assisted the girl to go down to the ground and found out that it is Fermina when he saw the little black mole on the corner of the girl’s mouth ? Climax- As he was about to hold her completely, Omar came but to his surprise, he was drunk and tipsy! All along, he realized that Omar had been drinking tuba. Omar was about to kill Fermina. Falling Action- Alih kills his brother despite their plans to gain the white horse for him to protect Fermina. †¢ Theme- the short story tells about the tradition, beliefs and faith of the Filipinos †¢ Point of View – third person limited C. LITERARY APPROACHES USED Historical Approach Since the author was born on 1925, this may influence his work on The White Horse of Alih. The setting of the story happ ened on July 4th in a city with a parade of people. The author might experience this big event in the history wherein the July 4th is considered as Filipino- American Friendship Day. Mimetic Approach The text is can be related to the reality. It there were discrimination among races, differences among religions and traditions. And the moral aspect of killing is an issue of their faith. Freudian Approach The main character tries to overcome his feelings on this text but Alih shows his intention to Fermina in the middle of story when he ask for a kiss to the lady. D. Biography of the author Emigdio Alvarez Enriquez was born on the year 1925. He is a Filipino by birth. He started writing at the age of 20. He is a novelist, story writer, and playwright. Among his famous literary works are: Blood on the Moon, A Tale of Two Houses, Cachil Kudarat (Sultan of Mindanao) or Cachil Corrala, and Labaw, Donggon. All of this short stories won Palanca awards in the year E. RELATED MOVIE TO THE TEXT Bagong Buwan, also known as New Moon, is a 2001 Filipino film directed by Marilou Diaz-Abaya starring Filipino actors Cesar Montano, Amy Austria, Jericho Rosales, Caridad Sanchez, Carlo Aquino, Noni Buencamino, Jiro Manio, Ronnie Lazaro, Jhong Hilario, and Jodi Santamaria. This movie is about the Muslim rebellion in Mindanao, Philippines and its effect on civilians. It is a look at the war in Mindanao between the Philippine government (during President Joseph Estrada’s short stint) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), primarily through the eyes of the Bangsamoro (or Moros as they are more popularly known). The film starts with a narration, which was also written on the screen, that says: â€Å"Sa loob ng maraming siglo, naging mailap ang kapayapaan sa pagitan ng mga Kristiyano at Muslim. Sa Pilipinas, kung saan nakakarami at namamayani ang mga Kristiyano, matagal ng ipinaglalaban ng mga Muslim ang karapatang itaguyod ang kanilang natatanging kultura at pamahalaan ang kanilang sarili. † From the very start, the film tells the viewers that this is a story about the Muslims’ (Moros’) fight to preserve their culture and regain self-determination. F. SUMMARY OF TEXT The story started of as Alih the protagonist, moved along the crowd which was celebrating the fourth of July celebration. They were expecting a lot of people in this event because they planned a mass assassination in the town. The story then went on concentrating on the actions and what the characters are thinking before their planned killing. Alih was thinking of his houri and the past memories of their family. His father was accused of killing a man that he did not kill. Alih and Omar’s father was the hadji back then and that he attended the Mecca. The Americans wanted him to submit to the judgement of the Americans. The story continued with the life of Omar and Alih as merchants. They sold their house, their boats, fishing nets and even their mother’s pearls. They then worked for Lim Ching which was a Chinese merchant. They were then robbed by men with guns and clubs. They then went back to sea and stayed there for a long time. After the consumed all their stock of food and water Omar began thinking of killing and dying. By killing we can wash our shame away’ said Omar while staring into the space. The story then went on moving to the parade. Alih saw a girl which resembled his friend that he rode with in the carousel. After confirming that the girl he is looking at is really Fermina, his brother Omar then went berserk and unsheathed his sword and killed people. Omar then went to kill Fermina but Alih protected her and killed his brother Omar. G. SUMMARY OF REPORT As a summary of our report, we discussed that the issues that we identified in the short story are namely; psychological, issue on jihad or revenge, differences in religion and culture, and alienation. Most of the issues were seen throughout the story specially the issue on jihad which was very prominent. The story was centered in the jihad or revenge of the protagonist and his older brother to the American race because of what they did to their father. They were even having second thoughts about their planned killing because they consulted an Imam which also disagreed to their plan. Omar disagreed with the Imam and whispered to the almost convinced Alih, that the Imam is getting old and he must not listen to him. At the end of the story Alih actually cut the ties between his religion and the girl that he loved. H. VOCABULARY WORDS †¢ Houri – (hu’re, hou’–) one of the beautiful maidens said by some Muslims to dwell in paradise for the enjoyment of the faithful. The passages in the Qur’an detailing the physical delights of heaven are considered by many Muslim critics as allegorical. †¢ Imam- a leader of congregational prayer in a mosque, a religious teacher †¢ Jihad- A Muslim holy war or spiritual struggle against infidels. †¢ Qur’an or Koran- The sacred text of Islam, considered by Muslims to contain the revelations of God to Muhammad. †¢ Shia or Shiites – A member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali and his descendants as the legitimate successors to Muhammad and rejects the first three caliphs. Juramentados – The term juramentado was derived from the Spanish verb juramentar, meaning â€Å"to swear an oath. † A rushing Moro warrior with shaven hair, fiery eyes and plucked eyebrows, brandishing kris or kampilan to attack infidels until he was slain. It was a person who had chosen to fight in the Way of Allah in his individual capacity since. A sacred duty and when he died in the cou rse of his attack, he became shahid or â€Å"martyr† with paradise as his ultimate reward. As with any real Muslim warrior, the juramentado loved martyrdom more than life. How to cite Food, Essay examples

Employment relations in France and Denmark-Samples for Students

Question: Critically evaluates the Comparison and evaluating the role played by the state in the System of Employment relations in France and in Denmark. Answer: Introduction This paper critically evaluates the comparison and evaluating the role played by the state in the system of employment relations in France and in Denmark. The structure of the paper describes the facts and figures of France concerning its economic and employments conditions, the second part reflects the facts and figures about Denmark and then the third part reflects the effective contrasting and comparing of the facts between these two countries. State interventions are believed to be vital in the development of the French employment relations and it effectively reflects the traditional reluctance of diverse employers along with the unions for using controlled agreements. The state act as the main employer, which then offers nearly concerning 5 million services to the people and these facilitate in exerting influence on the diverse pay rates accessible within the private sector. Few of the significant roles of the state seriously reflect that the employer chair meetings desires to b e held monthly as to understand the desired needs in the expansion of the employment relations. There are two figures provided in the paper in order to understand the desired comparison between the two countries regarding the role of the state in the development of the employment opportunities. Furthermore, it becomes vital to understand that the role of the state is of great importance in enhancing the employment relations for their respective countries. Main context In order to make the desired comparison between the roles played by the state in the development of employment relations in France and Denmark, the effective analysis of these two countries becomes more important. France is supposed to be the worlds 6th largest country in terms of economic power concerning GDP (Amable, 2016). The population size of the country refers to an approximately of 63.8 million have a labor rate of market participation of nearly 63%. There exists crucial role of the state in the system of employment relations in France. State interventions are supposed to be crucial in the development of the French employment relations and it effectively reflects the traditional reluctance of different employers and the unions for using voluntary agreements. It becomes important to understand the desired change in actions taken by the state as to enhance the employment conditions throughout the concerned nation. As per (Armstrong Taylor, 2014) it has been seen that the union s have pressed mainly for the legislations when the left was in ascendancy. A development of the close link was found in between the industrial law as well as the outcomes of the collective bargaining and in occurred in the 1960s. The industrial laws are seen to be based on the desired content of the collective agreements or the different types of the outcomes of tripartite discussions (Benach et al., 2014). Moreover, the state acts as the major employer, which offers near about 5 million services to the concerned people and these helps in exerting influences on the different pay rates offered within the private sector. A crucial change in the actions led by the state brings out major changes towards the development of the employer's relations throughout the entire nation. Different opportunities have been provided in order to enhance the effectiveness of the living conditions of the people. Figure: Comparative Figures of working life in France A comparative figure evaluates the fact that the GDP of France in 20010 was 27,400 and it got raised up to 30,400 in the year 2015. Moreover, it has brought elevation in the change in the unemployment rate; it was supposed to be 9.3 in total which got raised up to 10.4 which signifies a change up to 1.1 within 5 years from2010 to 2015. The economic background critically evaluates the fact that between the year 2010 to 2015, there has been a significant increase in the desired GDP rate of 10.9% of France and this is supposed to be slightly below the EU average for the similar period of 13%. Moreover, this situation critically gave rise to the number of unemployment, in particular for men it was 1.8 percent. For youth, it was 1.4 percent. This brings out the need of state in bringing up the number of job opportunities within France that will help in extending the employment relations (Brewster Hegewisch, 2017). The employment figure for France was mainly available for the concerned me tropolitan areas. The industrial relations critically evaluate the desired fact that the industrial relations throughout France were always dominated and tensed by the strong involvement of the law and state. Few of the facts from previous years reflect the domination of the industrial relations by the state and concerned law. Few of the evidence will help in bringing out more industrial relations facts, such as in the year 1884, the law eventually recognized the desired freedom of association and then other laws concerning collective bargaining were effectively passed in 1919. The first step towards the generalization and extension in the coverage was achieved by the law in the year 1950. In 1971, there was an establishment of collective bargaining at the inter-sectoral (cross-industry). Finally, Auroux laws of 1982 created collective bargaining at the desired workplace and it also established the annual obligation for negotiating wages and work on time. There exists a traditional lack of the mutual recognition among the different social partners which could demonstrate the interventionist's roles and responsibilities of the state throughout social and industrial matters (Brewster et al., 2017). The state is effectively losing all its influence as the desired regulator within an internationalized economy and in the same ways as the preferred regulator of labor. Therefore, it becomes more important to understand its desired role in managing the industrial relations throughout the entire country. According to (Campbell Pedersen, 2014) in few of the decades, there has been the development of the decentralized bargaining system, which provides more amount of autonomy from the nation or sectoral collective agreements and the labor legislation. Relying on the dimension of the corporation, an employer has to, unless precise in a different way by a sectoral and social agreement, pay among 0.55 as well as 1.60% of the payroll to a specialized Joint Collecting organization (OPCA). OPCAs are characteristically put up by division; there are presently 21 sectoral OPCAs within a place. The arrangement of training is supposed to be more important in order to develop the skills within the concerned employees as to bring out more positive results for the entire organization. According to (Chung, 2015) in France, in line with the recent development of the vocational training programs, from January 2015 all workers will contain an individual teaching account applicable from at what time they first connect the labor marketplace to when they leave. A worker who changes jobs or alternates among work, as well as unemployment, will keep his or her true to preparation. This agreement will restore the entity Right of Training, which was produc ed in 2003, in addition, to being hardly ever used (Crouch, 2014). There is another data which critically evaluates different facts and responses on the employee representation within the enterprises. The successive French government and authorities have effectively established a wide range of representative bodies at the different enterprise level. Below mentioned are few of the most important data that will help in understanding the facts and figures which will help out in making the desired comparison between Denmark and France. Figure: Comparative figures of Demark Denmark has practiced major global awareness connecting to development in the Danish labor marketplace. This has particularly been the desired case in a glow of the so-called flexicurity replica that dominates that marketplace. Flexicurity is supposed to be characterized at the smallest amount in theory by the particular relation among flexibility, communal security as well as active labor marketplace policy, wherever a high stage of social safety is seen as a condition for a work noticeably characterized by elasticity (Euwema et al., 2015). Bargaining levels In Denmark, all significant issues connecting to the service relation, like the wage, working circumstances, training along with pension are synchronized by the community associates during recurring communal bargaining (Fagan et al., 2015). Most important levels are primarily sector as well as company level that cooperates according to a decentralized centralization scheme. Collective agreements are generally binding. Articulation Interlink among the middle level as well as local/business level is resolute by the salary scheme in the division. In this minimum-wage region (which cover 85%) only the smallest amount salary augment is settled at a middle level, whereas the real wage increase is bargain at the corporation level. Thus, the least amount wage established within the sectoral agreement barely ever reflect the genuine pay level in the company (Geppert et al., 2015). Wages, though, can too alter depending on division or the marketplace circumstances of the corporation. Timing concerning bargaining rounds Collective bargaining within the private as well as the public sectors occurs within the first section, commencement in January. Subsequently, the close of conformity within the private sector, discussions start throughout the companies. The legitimacy of a combined conformity has ceaselessly been among 2 to 4 years relying on the financial perspectives. In Denmark, all aspect of running life is the focus to collective bargaining. As per (Ibsen, 2016) in addition wage along with working time, teaching, life-long knowledge, additional training, paternity run off, learning leave, option for the free-time, depart throughout sickness, a childs primary sick day, older days, pressure, as well as annoyance is part of the bargain program. Throughout the last two decades, the concerned subjects that are used to be synchronized by legislation contain also appear in the combined agreement, counting leave, pressure as well as harassment. The comparison between the roles of the state played in France and in Denmark critically evaluates the development of the more employment opportunities as to enhance the effectiveness of the entire country concerned. As per (Kim, 2017) bargaining at the national level critically provides the desired framework having much of the Danish International system of relations for Denmark, whereas the collective bargaining effectively took place at the national industry along with the company level and there are efficient detailed rules in order to negotiate with the concerned requirements having a valid agreement. For France as compared with Denmark, the industrial relations are supposed to be crucial in terms of negotiation with the numbers covered, moreover, the rates are being set those are what actually paid. Moving to next, for Denmark, the pay along with the conditions are effectively negotiated among the unions or the cartels of the employees and unions at the concerned industry level . Overall it has been found that the more than 80% of the employees are effectively covered by the collective bargaining (Rodan, 216). The proportion of Denmark and France of employees in unions is 67% for Denmark and 8% for France. There has successive establishment of the different governmental bodies by the French government; these governmental bodies are workplace delegates, work councils, union branches and collective bargaining at the respective workplaces. The article (Kornelakis, 2016) reveals that the state needs to bring out the most effective work activities in evaluating the effectiveness of the development of the employment relations. The French work delegates are not supposed as the union representatives, however, in general practice majorities are elected on the union platform. Moreover, the workplace union delegates are efficiently appointed by the concerned local union branch. The unions are present in 38% throughout the private sector having more than 20 effective employees. The union density is supposed to be high in Denmark as compared with that of France and it has two-third of the concerned workforce which also fallen in the recent years. As per (Leisink Bach, 2014) there are three of the main confederations in Denmark as compared with France; they are LO, FTF and the Akademikerne which was previously known as AC. Considering the membership terms, it is a matter of fact that the trade unions movement is considered as the one weakest within Europe having 8% of the employees in the unions. It is mainly divided into a wide number of the different rival confederations such as the CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC, and CFE-CGC. On comparing with that of the role played by the state in Denmark, France evaluates the fact that French trade unions have stronger support in elections for employee representatives also these are able to mobilize the French workers towards a great effect (Pfau-Effinger, 2017). Few of the important roles of the state critically refl ects that the employer chair meetings need to be held monthly as to understand the desired needs in the development of the employment relations. Many of things can easily be compared between these two of the countries regarding the role played by their respective state in the development of employment relations. It has been found that in every three months the French employers are effectively required for informing the desired work councils of the state of respective corporations: outputs, orders and the finances (Leruth et al., 2017). Moreover, it is a matter of fact that France is well known for maintaining its exceptional employments relations and therefore, it becomes very important to understand the desired role of the state. The French employment relations are mainly characterized by the lower amount of social dialogue as well as great interventions of the concerned state. According to an researched data, the 2007 reports evaluate the fact that French GDP growth, productivity growth, unemployment rate and inflation does not have larger differences from EU averages (Marginson, 2016). The demographics and the legal political environment have played the most important role in influencing the employment relations in France. Moving towards the role of the state it has been evaluated that the state has primarily aimed for participating in developing comprise instead of imposing decisions. The use of the Aubry Law has boosted the collective bargaining at the sectoral as well as enterprise levels, as it has helped in encouraging employers and unions for negotiating the agreements concerning wages and supporting recruitment (OReilly, 2014). In enhancing the skills of the concerned employees, it becomes more important for the state to bring out the most skilled persons to execute the respective work processes. The state government in France has brought out the national system for ensuring skills as well as employability programs and on the other hand, there exists a crucial difference between the role of the state played from France and for Denmark. The national system in France which ensures skills and the increase in the percentage of employability opportunities reflect that all of the employers I the funding process. The representation of the European-level is important and it needs to be analyzed effectively for these two of the countries concerned. The cooperation committee selects most of the employee representatives for EU level bodies (Virtanen et al., 2013). There exists one exception that is related to the board level of the representatives within EJU Company and they must be elected with the help of the workforce in Denmark, whereas the EU representatives in France are appointed by the concerned unions (Wilkinson et al., 2014). As compared with the system of Denmark, the one exception of this is the board level representatives within the EU Company where the concerned representative bodies decide the desired method of their selection. Conclusion The essay contrast and compares the desired role played by the state in the development of the employment relations. There exists crucial requirement to understand the growth in the GDP rate, production rate and the employment opportunities practiced in both of these countries. The proportion of Denmark, as well as France of employees in unions, is 67% for Denmark and 8% for France. There has consecutive establishment of the diverse governmental bodies by the French government; these governmental bodies are workplace delegates, work councils, union branches and collective bargaining at the particular workplaces. In France, the state becomes the key employer which serves jobs to more than 5 million of the public service employees and this exerts effective influence on the different pay rates included in the private sector. Moreover, the paper also concludes that in France the state legislates increasing in the national minimum wages. The use and the development of the industrial laws are merely based on the content of the collective agreements. Moreover, the research paper will help in understanding the need and the importance of the role of the state of these two countries in developing the employment relations. References Amable, B. (2016). The Political Economy of the Neoliberal Transformation of French Industrial Relations.ILR Review,69(3), 523-550. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Benach, J., Vives, A., Amable, M., Vanroelen, C., Tarafa, G., Muntaner, C. (2014). Precarious employment: understanding an emerging social determinant of health.Annual review of public health,35. Brewster, C., Hegewisch, A. (Eds.). (2017).Policy and Practice in European Human Resource Management: The Price Waterhouse Cranfield Survey. Taylor Francis. Brewster, C., Hegewisch, A., Mayne, L., Tregaskis, O. (2017). Employee communication and participation.Policy and Practice in European Human Resource Management: The Price Waterhouse Cranfield Survey, 154. Campbell, J. L., Pedersen, O. K. (2014).The national origins of policy ideas: Knowledge regimes in the United States, France, Germany, and Denmark. Princeton University Press. Chung, H. (2015). Subjective employment insecurity gap between occupations: variance across Europe.Eichhorst, Werner and Paul Marx (2015)(eds.). Non-Standard Employment in Post-Industrial Labour Markets. An occupational perspective, 271-297. Crouch, C. (2014). Class relations and labor-market reforms. Deconstructing flexicurity and developing alternative approaches: Towards new concepts and approaches for employment and social policy. New York, NY, Routledge, 27-46. Euwema, M., Munduate, L., Elgoibar, P., Pender, E. (2015).Promoting social dialogue in European organizations. Springer International Publishing: Imprint: Springer, Fagan, C., Grimshaw, D., Rubery, J., Smith, M. (2015).Women and European employment. Routledge. Geppert, M., Williams, K., Wortmann, M. (2015). Micropolitical game playing in Lidl: A comparison of store-level employment relations. European Journal of Industrial Relations,21(3), 241-257. Ibsen, C. L. (2016). The role of mediation institutions in Sweden and Denmark after centralized bargaining.British Journal of Industrial Relations,54(2), 285-310. Kim, D. O. (2017).Employment relations and HRM in South Korea. Taylor Francis. Kornelakis, A. (2016). Inclusion or dualization? The political economy of employment relations in Italian and Greek telecommunications.British Journal of Industrial Relations,54(2), 385-408. Leisink, P., Bach, S. (2014). The Economic crisis and municipal public service employment: comparing developments in seven EU Member States. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research,20(3), 327-342. Leruth, B., Startin, N., Usherwood, S. (Eds.). (2017).The Routledge Handbook of Euroscepticism. Routledge. Marginson, P. (2016). Governing work and employment relations in an internationalized economy: the institutional challenge.ILR Review,69(5), 1033-1055. OReilly, J., Nazio, T., Roche, J. M. (2014). Compromising conventions: attitudes of dissonance and indifference towards full-time maternal employment in Denmark, Spain, Poland and the UK.Work, employment, and society,28(2), 168-188. Pfau-Effinger, B. (2017).Development of culture, welfare states and women's employment in Europe. Routledge. Rodan, G. (2016).The political economy of Singapore's industrialization: national state and international capital. Springer. Virtanen, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Jokela, M., Heikkil, K., Fransson, E. I., ... Casini, A. (2013). Perceived job insecurity as a risk factor for incident coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ, 347, f4746. Wilkinson, A., Wood, G., Deeg, R. (Eds.). (2014).The Oxford handbook of employment relations: Comparative employment systems. Oxford University Press.